MELASMA TREATMENTS

Melasma is an increase in pigment cells called melanosomes occurring on sun-exposed areas, usually on the face. It appears as tan, brown or greyish-brown patches that are usually symmetrically distributed.

CAUSES:
Hormones play a role, which is why it is rarely seen in men and prepubertal females. It is most common on females following pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, menopause, or hormone replacement therapy. It also occurs more often in darker skin types and genetics may play a role. Melasma affects the upper layers of the skin (epidermis) and/or deeper layers of the skin (dermis). When it occurs in the deeper layers it can be more difficult to treat. We can determine the depth of penetration by using a Wood’s Lamp to ascertain how difficult it may be to treat.

TREATMENTS:
Elimination of the underlying cause if possible. Sometimes discontinuing certain hormone therapy is not an option. Diligent sun protection is the foundation for prevention and maintenance of remission for melasma. SPF 30 or higher every day of the year and reapplication throughout the day, use of sun protective clothing.

Melasma Treatments and therapeutic ingredients include:
• Topical hydroquinone (first line therapy)
• Retinoids
• Azelaic acid
• Vitamin C
• Kojic Acid
• Niacinamide
• Arbutin
• Bearberry
• Green Tea
• Emblica
• Silybum
• Tranexamic Acid
• Chemical Peels such as Glycolic and Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA)
• Micro needling with Tranexamic acid and other therapeutic cosmeceuticals